I. Multiple Choice: (20%)

Directions: In this section, you are given 20 questions, beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to make the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. One point is given to each correct choice.

1. Who is the advocate of the Total Physical Response?

A. James Asher B. Caleb Gattegno

C. Charles A. Curran D. Georgi Lozanov

2. Foreign language teachers usually adopted the strategy of combining grammar rules with

______in the 19th century.

A. translating B. explaining

C. analyzing D. composing

3. The generative-transformational school of linguistics emerged through the influence of ______.

A. J. B. Bruner B.N. Chomsky

C. D. Ausubel D.G. Kelly

4. When was the Direct Method developed as a reaction against the Grammar-translation Method?

A. In the late 19th century. B. In the early 20th century.

C. In the mid-19th century. D. In the early 19th century.

5. The technique used by a Grammar-translation teacher is ______ teaching of grammar.

A. inductive B. deductive

C. indirect D. direct

6. The Silent Way is an approach to language teaching developed in the United States, principally by ______.

A. James Asher B. Caleb Gattegno

C. Charles A. Curran D. Georgi Lozanov

7. As a key feature of the Oral Approach,______ should be presented in sentences, which should be practiced in meaningful contexts.

A. words B. phrases

C. paragraphs D. vocabulary

8. The Direct Method emerged as a result of _____ in the 19th century.

A. classroom instruction B. mass production

C. communicative needs D. language teaching innovations

9. Foreign language teaching involves quite a number of disciplines EXCEPT______.

A. psycholinguistics B. psychology

C. sociology D. sociolinguistics

10. The ______ , known variously as the Aural-oral Approach and the Structural Approach, influenced the way languages were taught in the US and elsewhere in the world throughout the 1950s.

A. Audiolingual Method B. Cognitive Approach

C. Direct Method D. Oral Approach

11. When the teacher in a communicative class is answering students' questions and monitoring their performance, he/she is playing the role of a(n)______.

A. manager B. facilitator

C. co-communicator D. advisor

12. Pragmatics is the study of______ .

A. how sentences in spoken and written language form larger meaningful units

B. the use of language in communication

C. the meanings of words and sentences

D. the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences

13. ______ is regarded as the source of the students' ability to use the language in structured interactions.

A. Vocabulary B. Acquisition

C. Grammar D. Learning

14. People advocating the Oral Approach believed that students tend to find it ______ to internalize the grammatical rules with the help of the situation provided.

A. easy B. difficult

C. possible D. impossible

15. The use of drills and ______ is a distinctive feature of the Audiolingual method.

A. pair-work B. pattern practice

C. dictation D. questions and answers

16. The Communicative Approach has been developed particularly by ______ applied linguists.

A. French B. Canadian

C. British D. American

17. The procedures and techniques proposed by the Natural Approach are ______ in the field of

language teaching.

A. not new B. revolutionary

C. radical D. innovative

18. Krashen and Terrell equate the Natural Approach with ______.

A. the Communicative Approach

B. the Cognitive Approach

C. the Total Physical Response

D. the Community Language Learning

19. According to D. Ausubel, the principal function of ______ is to act as a bridge between what learners already know and what they need to know.

A. schema theory

B. language acquisition device

C. language competence

D. advance organizers

20. According to cognitive psychologists, learning involves ______ representations that offer regulation and guidance for the performance.

A. complicated B. simple

C. internal D. external

II. Filling Blanks: (20%)

Directions: In this section, there are 20 statements with 20 blanks. You are to fill each blank with ONE appropriate word. One point is given to each blank.

21.______ refers to any information that learners receive from the teacher or others concerning their communication.

22. In a Total Physical Response classroom, the students listen attentively and respond ______ to commands given by the teacher.

23. Most of the teaching activities in a Grammar-translation classroom serve the purpose of mastering ______ rules.

24. Suggestopaedia, the application of the study of ______ to pedagogy, has been developed to help students eliminate the feeling that they cannot be successful and, thus to help them overcome the barriers to learning.

25. Although the teaching of all the four language skills is advocated by most Direct Methodologists, ______ communication skills are regarded as basic.

26. The structural linguists believe that the primary medium of language is ______.

27. Krashen and Terrell believe that language skills acquired through ______ transfer to other skills.

28. The learning of a foreign language was viewed by the Direct Methodologists as analogous to the language ______ , and the learning processes involved were often interpreted in terms of an associationist psychology.

29. The Cognitive Approach holds that learning a language is a process of acquiring ______ control of the phonological, grammatical and lexical patterns of a second language, largely through study and analysis of these patterns as a body of knowledge.

30. In his research of the theory of systemic linguistics, Halliday made outstanding achievements in the study of ______.

31. The affective filter hypothesis identifies self-confidence, ______ and anxiety as the three affective variables related to second language acquisition.

32. When teaching grammar in the Oral Approach, the teacher usually helps the students to learn some grammatical points over a relatively long time instead of giving them a heavy indigestible dose of ______.

33. The Natural Approach holds that learned language knowledge has primarily a ______ function.

34. One impetus for the procedures of grammar analysis and translation in teaching Latin was brought about by the ______ needs of European countries.

35. The Notional-functional syllabus focuses on ______ as the organizing elements of English curricula, whereas the structural syllabus regards grammatical structures as the organizers.

36. According to behaviorists, learning consists of stimulus-response ______ , and is described as the formation of association between responses.

37. ______activities require the learners to take part in communication which involves personal experience and emotions.

38. According to Piaget, thought or thinking has its origin in actions physically performed and then ______.

39. A group of German psychologists used the word Gestalt, which is approximately in the meaning of “_______ shape” to name their school of psychology.

40. The cognitive theory suggests that language acquisition involves constant practice until ______is achieved.

III. Matching: (10%)

Directions: This section consists of two groups of pairs listed in two columns, A and B. You are to match the one marked ①, ②, ③, ④ or ⑤ in Column A with the one marked a, b, c, d or e in Column B. One point is given to each pair you match correctly.

41.

42.

IV. Questions for Brief Answers: (30%)

Directions: This section has six questions. You are to answer them briefly. Five points are given to each question.

43. How is the Natural Approach towards the learners’error?

44. What is the role of the teacher in the Total Physical Response?

45. According to Morrow, what are the features of real communicative activities?

46. What are the objectives of the Direct Method?

47. For what purposes does a Grammar-translation teacher employ translation in teaching a foreign language?

48. In the Oral Approach, what is the teacher required to be? And how does he or she help the students to build up correct language habits?

V. Questions for Long Answers: (20%)

Directions: The two questions in this section are to be answered on the basis of your own teaching experience as well as the theoretical knowledge you’ve learned. Ten points are given to each question.

49. In Chomsky’s idea, a native speaker of a language is said to be equipped with linguistic competence. So what is he supposed to be able to do?

50. By the end of the 1960s, the Audiolingual Method became the target of criticism from all sides. However, its contributions to language teaching must not be ignored. Please briefly write out

the 5 aspects of its contributions.