1.单核苷酸(mononucleotide)
2.磷酸二酯键(phosphodiester bonds)
3.不对称比率(dissymmetry ratio)
4.碱基互补规律(complementary base pairing)
5.反密码子(anticodon)
6.顺反子(cistron)
7.核酸的变性与复性(denaturation、renaturation)
8.退火(annealing)
9.增色效应(hyper chromic effect)
10.减色效应(hypo chromic effect)
11.噬菌体(phage)
12.发夹结构(hairpin structure)
13.DNA 的熔解温度(melting temperature Tm)
14.分子杂交(molecular hybridization)
15.环化核苷酸(cyclic nucleotide)