参考答案

1.When we use the word approach we mean that an idea or theory is being applied:that whatever the teacher does,certain theoretical principles are always borne in mind.A method is a set of procedures or a collection of techniques used in a systematic way which it is hoped will result in efficient learning.When we talk about a technique,we mean a procedure used in the classroom.

A technique then is the narrowest term,meaning one single procedure.A method will consist of a number of techniques,probably arranged in a specific order.The word approach is much more general and has the implication that whatever method or techniques the teacher uses,he does not feel bound by these,but only by the theory in which he believes.If he can find new and better methods or techniques which will fit in with his approach,then he will adopt these.

2.They are the structural view;the functional view and the interactional view.

3.There are six elements:

1.the nature of language;

2.the nature of language learning;

3.goals and objectives in teaching;

4.the type of syllabus to use;

5.the role of teachers,and instructional materials;and

6.the techniques and procedures to use.

4.The points of concern of methodology include:

a.the study of the nature of language skills(eg.reading,writing,speaking,listening)and procedures for teaching them

b.the study of the preparation of lessons plans,materials,and textbooks for teaching language skills

c.the evaluation and comparison of language teaching methods(eg.the Audiolingual Method)

d.such practices,procedures,principles,and beliefs themselves.(Richards,et al,1985:177)