2021年4月自考英语(一)复习（42）

2021年4月自考英语(一)复习（42）

3)含有情态动词的被动语态：

含有情态动词的被动语态的结构：情态动词+be+过去分词。

如：You must shut these doors.你必须把这些门关上。(主动)

These doors must be shut.这些门必须关上。(被动)

You should have told him.你本应该告诉他。(主动)

He should have been told.本应该告诉他才是。(被动)

4)带有直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，变为被动语态的时候，只把一个宾语变为主语，另外一个宾语保留在动词后面，这种句子可以有两个被动句。

如：His teacher gave him a book.他的老师给了他一本书。(主动)

A book was given to him by his teacher.(被动)

He was given a book by his teacher. (被动)

Someone gave her a dog.有人送给她一只狗。(主动)

A dog was given to her. (被动)

She was given a dog. (被动)

两种被动语态中，第二种形式比第一种形式更为常用，即应该把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。

5)含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时，将宾语变为主语，宾补仍保留在动词之后，成为主补。

如：We call him Xiao Wang.我们叫他小王。(主动)

He was called Xiao Wang.他被叫小王。(被动)

We asked the teacher to explain the sentence again.我们要求老师把这个句子再解释一次。(主动)

The teacher was asked to explain the sentence again.老师被要求把这个句子再解释一次。(被动)

注：make, hear, watch, see, feel, let, have等动词在主动语态中，其后作宾补的不定式一般不带to，但当用于被动句时，后面作宾补的不定式必须带有to。

如：She saw a man go into the room.她看见一个男人走进屋里。(主动)

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