全国2020年8月高等教育自学考试《英语国家概况》试题

全国2020年8月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题

课程代码:00522

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分

注意事项:

1.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE

Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHET. (30 points, 1 point each)

1. Which is the largest lake in the UK?

A. Lake Windermere.

B. Loch Lomond.

C. Lough Neagh.

D. Wast Water.

2. In the UK,_____ is a member of all three branches of the government.

A. the prime minister

B. the lord chancellor

C. the monarch

D. the cabinet secretariat

3. The British East India Company was established in_____ which was a case of economic penetration.

A.1600

B.1784

C. 1819

D.1857

4. The only surviving large mammals in Britian are____ and roe deer.

A. red deer

B. wild pigs

C. wolves

D. foxes

5. After the Seven Years' War between Britain and France, Canada was ceded to Britain by

A. the British North America Act of 1867

B. the Quebec Act of 1774

C. the Canada Act of 1791

D. the 1763 Treaty of Paris

6. In the UK, the Labor Party had its origins in____.

A. the Trades Union Congress

B. the Independent Labor Party

C. the Labor Representation Committee

D. the Grand National Consolidated Trade Union

7. To solve the problems caused by the rainfall distribution in Britain, reservoirs have to be built to transfer water to the areas of.

A. Central Wales

B. the Lake District

C. lowland Britain

D. the Scottish Highlands

8. The Reform Act of 1832 passed by Parliament gave the vote to many householders and tenants, based on their.

A. occupations

B. political views

C. prestige

D. property value

9. In England, overall responsibility for education rests with,

A. religious voluntary bodies

B. Local Education Authorities

C. the secretary of state for education

D. the Department of Education and Science

10. Inthe US,____ produces over half of the petroleum, three quarters of the natural gas, and all of the natural sulfur of the country.

A. the South

B. the Midwest

C. New England

D. the Pacific Coast

11. The natural boundary between Mexico and the US is

A. the Rio Grande River

B. the Mssissippi River

C. the Ohio River

D. the Colorado River

12. In the US, _____ is the leader of the House of Representatives.

A. the vice president

B. the speaker

C. the council-manager

D. the Secretary of State

13. The battle at，

was a turning point of the American War of Independence, which_____ led to an alliance between the US and France.

A. Concord

B. Lexington

C. Saratoga

D. Trenton

14. All of the states except_____ were represented at the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia in May 1787.

A. Massachusetts

B. Connecticut

C. New Jersey

D. Rhode Island

15. In____ Native Americans who were not yet US citizens were granted citizenship by Congress.

A.1830 .

B.1890

C.1924

D.1960

16. The period of political, social and economic changes in the South after the American_____ Civil War is known as

A. the Gilded Age

B. Reconstruction

C. the Age of Reform

D. the Great Depression

17. After the terrorist attacks of September 2001, the US shifted its attention to_____

A. cultural assimilation

B. economic development

C. religious tolerance

D. domestic security

18. The statement“we must be impartial in thought as well as in action' was made by_____ President.on August4, 1914.

A. Woodrow Wilson

B. Harry Truman

C. Franklin D. Roosevelt

D. Theodore Roosevelt

19. Who established the first permanent Canadian settlements in the early 17th century?

A. The French.

B. The English.

C. The Portuguese.

D. The Spanish.

20. Which is the principal religion in Canada?

A. Islam.

B. Buddhism.

C. Hinduism.

D. Christianity.

21._____ is the longest river in Canada.

A. The Ottawa River

B. The Nelson River

C. The Mackenzie River

D. The St. Lawrence River

22. After Captain Cook claimed New South Wales of Australia for Britain in 1770, the English goverment decided to establish,_____ on this vast land.

A. a penal colony

B. a cow pasture

C. a trading post

D. anaval base

23. About 91% of Australians describe themselves as of a primarily_____ .background.

A. American

B. European

C. Asian

D. African

24. Which of the national parks in Australia is a World Heritage site?

A. Kakadu National Park.

B. Booderee National Park.

C. Kings Park.

D. Royal National Park.

25. The Queen of the UK is represented by,_____ in Australia.

A. Ministers of State

B. the Senate

C. Executive Councilors

D. the Governor-General

26. The 1956 Summer Olympics was held in._____ , Australia.

A. Canberra

B. Melboume

C. Sydney

D. Adelaide

27. The Aborigines gained Australian citizenship in.

A.1901

B.1967

C.1975

D.1973

28._____ promoted the division of large estates into smaller farms in New Zealand.

A. The New Zealand Constitution Act of 1852

B. The Land for Settlements Act of 1892

C. The Treaty of Waitangi

D. The Canberra Pact

29. Michelle Smith became the first Irish female athlete to win a gold medal in_____ in the 1996 Summer Olympics.

A. tennis

B. running

C. horse-racing

D. swimming

30. As the center of the Irish publishing industry,_____ is home to nearly all of the republic's periodicals.

A. Dublin

B. Cork

C. Waterford

D. Galway

非选择题部分

注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。

II. BLANK FILLING

Choose 10 answers from the box and write the correct letter in the blanks 31-40 on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points, 2 points each)

31. Since the London smog in 1952,_____ have been introduced in most cities in the UK.

32. During the English Civil War, the King's men were called Cavaliers, and the supporters of Parliament were called.

33. The foreign-borm element of the British population is concentrated in_____ , and more than half live in Greater London.

34. As a result of WWI, the US changed from a debtor nation to a

35. The area along the Ohio River is well-known for its_____ industry.

36.____ is recognized as the agricultural capital of the US.

37. Canada's highest point,____ , rises nearly 6,000 meters above sea level.

38. A combination of physical barriers and a scattered population has led to a strong sense of in Canada.

39. The central region of Australia is called or“Bush'', which is home to very few people.

40. In 1918, a political group known as established an independent Irish Parliament under the leadership of Eamon de Valera.

*********************************

A. Roundheads

B. creditor

C. Sinn Fein

D. inner-city areas

E. Omaha

F. steel

G. the Outback

H. Mount Logan

I. The Whigs

J. bishops

K. regionalism

L.“clean air zones'

*********************************

III. TERM EXPLANATION

Define the following terms in English. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET in around 40 words. (10 points, 5 points each)

41. The Indian Removal Act

42. New Zealand Superannuation (NZS)

IV. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. You are required to use complete sentences. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30 points, 3 points each)

43. What is regarded as the second Magna Carta in the UK history?

44. What is a constitutional monarchy?

45. What makes the Midwest the most important agricultural area of the US?

46. What immediate problem did Franklin D. Roosevelt face when he moved into the White House?

47. What does the word Hispanics refer to?

48. What were the purposes of Australia's immigration policies in the 1800s?

49. What are the differences between status Indians and nonstatus Indians in Canada?

50. What is the meaning of the word Aotearoa in New Zealand?

51. What are the characteritics of solo dancing in Ireland?

52. Why was the Gaelic Athletic Association founded in Ireland?

V. ESSAY QUESTION

Write 100 -120 words on the following topic on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)