浙江省2010年4月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题

课程代码：10058

Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which one of the four alternatives best completes the statement （20%）.

1. The medium of verbal interaction is _____. （  ）

A. thought   B. language

C. culture   D. communication

2. Such interjections as “aha”, “my God”, “oh”, “dear” are chiefly used to convey _____ meaning.  （  ）

A. affective   B. reflected

C. social   D. conceptual

3. The Chinese name “党生” is related to _____.  （  ）

A. the date of birth   B. the place of birth  

C. historical events   D. natural phenomena

4. The Chinese counterpart for “Busman’s holiday” is _____.  （  ）

A. 公共汽车驾驶员的假日   B. 公共汽车乘务员的假日

C. 消磨于与日常工作类似之活动的假日   D. 公交车日

5. English and Chinese advertising differ in what can be advertised. In English _____ cannot be advertised.  （  ）

A. sexual service   B. domestic service

C. medicines   D. cigarettes

6. “I’m full” is signified in English culture by _____.  （  ）

A. moving quickly his open hand, palm down, across his throat

B. a raised open hand, palm forward

C. one or both open hands lightly patting one’s own stomach

D. an open hand, palm down, raised to one’s throat

7. Cowboy can represent the _____ aspects of culture.  （  ）

A. geographical   B. political

C. Christian   D. historical

8. When you received a gift from your friend on your birthday, normally your response is _____.（  ）

A. “It’s very beautiful, but I already have one.”

B. “You may give it to Jane. She will love it.”

C. “It’s so nice, I love it. Thank you.”

D. “No, thank you. For it costs you too much.”

9. “to kick the bucket” is often associated with _____.  （  ）

A. to get into a temper   B. to die

C. to have bad luck   D. to go to bed

10. “That idea went out of style years ago” illustrates the metaphor that ideas are _____.（  ）

A. people   B. products

C. commodities   D. fashion

11. “Show no surprise or concern about something unusual that happens” is synonymous to _____.  （  ）

A. cast your eye over   B. keep an eye out for

C. turn a blind eye   D. not to bat an eyelid

12. “White room” corresponds to _____.  （  ）

A. 白色的房间   B. 病房

C. 空房   D. 绝尘室

13. A Don Quixote represents _____.  （  ）

A. a captivating man known as a great lover or seducer of women

B. an idealistic and impractical person

C. a meek person who submits to indignities and sufferings without any thought of act of rebelling

D. a handsome young man, passionate, dashing, who has a way with woman

14. “The weather cleared just as the party approached the summit. Until then they had seen nothing of the panorama around them.” demonstrates _____ relation between the two sentences.  （  ）

A. a temporal   B. a causal

C. an adversative   D. an additive

15. “She drives me out of my mind” is a metaphorical expression about love is _____.（  ）

A. a physical force   B. madness

C. magic   D. patient

16. It has been claimed that English texts develop _____.  （  ）

A. in a spiral way   B. in a linear fashion

C. in a flowery style   D. in a way of much uses of hyperboles

17. “A black day” is a day _____.  （  ）

A. when something sad or disastrous happens

B. when something remarkable and usually pleasurable happens

C. when something should be remembered

D. when there is no moon or sun

18. The word in American English for “staff” is _____.  （  ）

A. stuff   B. faculty

C. teacher   D. employee

19. _____ relations refer to constructions whose components are linked in meaning through juxtaposition and punctuation/intonation and not through the use of conjunctions.  （  ）

A. logical   B. hypotactic

C. paratactic   D. hypocritical

20. The distance zone ranging from touching to 18 inches is referred to as the _____ zone.（  ）

A. intimate   B. casual-personal

C. socio-consultative   D. public

Ⅱ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. （10%）

1. Culture is a _____ phenomenon.  （  ）

A. systematic   B. social

C. national   D. historical

2. _____ are facilities where people get served without having to leave their cars. （  ）

A. Driveins   B. Motels

C. Hotels   D. Diners

3. Possible answers to the question “Have they never invited you home?” could be _____. （  ）

A. Yes, they have never.   B. No, they have never.

C. Yes, they have.   D. No, they have.

4. Michael Stone is a professor, so it is quite common for his students to call him _____. （  ）

A. Michael   B. Professor Stone

C. Michael Stone   D. Professor Michael

5. In English culture “pink” can be associated with _____. （  ）

A. something best   B. something unpleasant

C. women   D. dismal

6. Words pejorative in meaning in English but positive or neutral in Chinese are _____. （  ）

A. propaganda   B. dragon

C. comrade   D. peasant

7. Vocatives normally include _____, epithets, etc. （  ）

A. greetings   B. standard appellatives

C. terms for occupations   D. names

8. “To throw in the sponge” _____. （  ）

A. derives from baseball   B. means “abandon a struggle or contest”

C. derives from boxing   D. means “acknowledge defeat”

9. When people are introduced to others, they often say to each other, “_____”. （  ）

A. How are you?   B. How do you do?

C. How have you been?   D. Nice to meet / know you.

10. If someone says, “What a big house you’ve got”, the complimented might respond, “_____”. （  ）

A. Thank you. It’s quite big.

B. Thank you, I was lucky to be able to get it.

C. Thank you, but I think it’s not as big as yours.

D. Oh, you really think so?

Ⅲ. Each of the following statements has an underlined space. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. （24%）

1. ___________ is a collection of religious books comprising the Old Testament and New Testament.

2. The British English equivalent for “check” is ___________.

3. English pronouns are marked for four cases: ___________, objective, genitive determinative and genitive independent.

4. “保持一身清白” corresponds to “___________” in English.

5. ___________ is a book with the telephone numbers of different shops, restaurants, business, organizations, etc.

6. “Homer sometimes nods.” can be translated into “___________” in Chinese.

7. In its broad sense culture is the attributes of man, and it is also called “large C culture” or “___________ culture”.

8. The English equivalent for “黄道吉日” is ___________.

9. Beautician is an euphemism, referring to ___________.

10. It is generally accepted that at the sentential level ___________ relations are observed far more frequently in English than in Chinese.

11. The Chinese equivalent for “Wester” is ___________.

12. Through the study of psychological time, three psychological orientations have emerged: the past, ___________, and future.

Ⅳ. Translation （16%）

A. Translate the following into Chinese. （8%）

1. Niagara Falls

2. Rats desert a sinking ship.

3. totem

4. Excuse me, would you tell me the way to the nearest post-office?

B. Translate the following into English. （8%）

1. 敬请光临

2. 趁热打铁

3. 五月结婚，悔恨终身

4. 红白事

Ⅴ. Define the following terms. （10%）

1. language

2. the present-oriented society

3. similes and metaphors

4. taboos

5. text structures

Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics. （20%）

1. Are “please” in English and “请” in Chinese used in the same way in communication? If they are not, what differences can you find between them?

2. What cross-cultural contrast can you find between English and Chinese when naming their children?